Level
Item
ID
Item 6046
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
6046
Material Format
graphic material
Date
2 Apr. 1946
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of the Association of Millinery Manufacturers (Ontario Division), 4th Annual Dinner in Toronto.
Notes
For identification, see accession record.
Name Access
Association of Millinery Manufacturers
Subjects
Dinners and dining
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1992-6-3
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 1620
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
1620
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1937
Physical Description
2 photographs : b&w (1 negative)
Scope and Content
This is a composite photo of the members of the bakery and confectionery workers, union local 181.
Name Access
Bakery, Confectionery, and Tobacco Workers International Union. Local 181 (Toronto, Ont.)
Subjects
Labor unions
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1979-1-1
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 1625
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
1625
Material Format
graphic material
Date
[193-?]
Physical Description
2 photographs : b&w (1 negative)
Scope and Content
Identified in this photograph in the first row, from left to right: Dave Biderman; Louis Hoffman; Abe Goldman; Max Speisman (probably Chairman); [unknown]; Mr. Jubas; Izzy Weiner.
Second row, left to right: [unknown]; Nathan Horowitz; I. Fine.
Notes
Credit: Estate of Max Speisman.
Name Access
Labor League (Toronto, Ont.)
Biderman, Dave
Hoffman, Louis
Goldman, Abe
Speisman, Max
Jubas, Mr.
Weiner, Izzy
Horowitz, Nathan
Fine, I.
Toronto Cloakmakers Union
Subjects
Labor unions
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1978-4-3
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 6023
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
6023
Material Format
graphic material
Date
[between 1920 and 1925]
Physical Description
2 photographs : b&w (1 negative)
Admin History/Bio
J. B. Salsberg was the organizer for the Hat, Cap, and Millinery Workers Union of North America.
Notes
For identification, see Jacob M. Budish's, History of the Cloth Hat, Cap, and Millinery Workers' International Union, 1901-1925 (NY, 1925).
Name Access
Cloth Hat, Cap and Millinery Workers Union
Salsberg, J. B.,1902-1998
Subjects
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Places
Montréal (Québec)
Accession Number
1991-5-4
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 5015
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
5015
Material Format
graphic material
Date
4 Oct. 1958
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 21 x 26 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of a group of fourteen men and two women from the Dressmakers' Union at a table in the Tudor Room of the Royal York Hotel.
Notes
Photo by Graphic Artists.
Name Access
Royal York Hotel
Dressmakers' Union
Subjects
Labor
Labor unions
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1990-1-5
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 5016
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
5016
Material Format
graphic material
Date
4 Oct. 1958
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 21 x 26 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of members of the Dressmakers' Union seated in the Tudor Room of the Royal York Hotel. Standing third from right: Ely Pepper (lawyer).
Notes
Photo by Graphic Artists.
Name Access
Pepper, Ely
Royal York Hotel
Dressmakers' Union
Subjects
Labor
Labor unions
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1990-1-5
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 803
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
803
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1951
Physical Description
2 photographs : (1 negative)
Scope and Content
Item is a group portrait of the Fur Workers' Union. The photograph was probably taken at Adelaide and John Streets.
Notes
Photo by M. Perhinsky, 152 Geoffrey St., Toronto.
Negative: 410-2.
Acquired 1976.
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright may not be held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Places
Adelaide Street West (Toronto, Ont.)
John Street (Toronto, Ont.)
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 2470
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
2470
Material Format
graphic material
Date
October 4, 1942
Physical Description
2 photographs : b&w (1 negative)
Scope and Content
Item is a group photograph of delegates at the ILGWU Second Annual Conference of Canadian locals at the Royal York Hotel in Toronto.
Notes
From the Seymour and Abi Shatz Collection.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Royal York Hotel (Toronto, Ont.)
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1980-12-2
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 2472
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
2472
Material Format
graphic material
Date
[1920?]
Physical Description
2 photographs : (1 negative)
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of members of the Jewish National Workers Alliance of America. The are posed in front of a building draped in Yiddish banners. The location of the convention is uncertain.
Notes
Part of the Seymour and Abi Shatz Collection.
Name Access
Jewish National Workers Alliance
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Accession Number
1980-12-2
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 2474
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
2474
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1916
Physical Description
2 photographs : b&w (1 negative)
Notes
From the Seymour and Abi Shatz Collection.
Name Access
Shatz, Benjamin
Jewish National Workers Alliance
Subjects
Labor
Labor unions
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1980-12-2
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 6070
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
6070
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1931
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w
Scope and Content
Item is a composite photograph of the I. L. Peretz Branch 26 of the Jewish National Workers Alliance, Toronto.
Notes
Original photo by Schlachter.
Name Access
I.L. Peretz
Jewish National Workers Alliance
Subjects
Labor unions
Photomontage
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1993-9-2
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 1270
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
1270
Material Format
graphic material
Date
July 1918
Physical Description
1 photograph
Scope and Content
The Jewish National Workers Alliance's first Ontario District convention took place July 13-14, 1918. The convention was likely held in Toronto. Identified in this photograph are: Max Manson, Abe Shatz, Mr. Sheinhouse, Hershel Meyer Kirshenbaum, Avrom Fryman, Ben Shatz, Louie Shatz, Moishe Kirshenbaum, Mr. Heller, and Zalman Cohen.
Name Access
Jewish National Workers Alliance
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor
Labor unions
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1977-4-2
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 1626
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
1626
Material Format
graphic material
Date
[193-?]
Physical Description
2 photographs : b&w (1 negative)
Scope and Content
Identification list available in accession record.
Notes
Credit: the Estate of Max Speisman.
Name Access
Labor League (Toronto, Ont.)
Speisman, Max
Subjects
Labor unions
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1978-4-3
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 1440
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
1440
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1931
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of a group of women dressmakers picketing on Spadina Avenue in Toronto. They are holding a sign that reads: Dressmakers General Strike, Dresmakers Union, ILGWU.
Notes
Acquired June 22, 1975.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Labor unions
Strikes and lockouts
Women
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Places
Spadina Avenue (Toronto, Ont.)
Accession Number
1977-7-1
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Canadian Jewish Congress, Ontario Region fonds
Community Relations Committee series
Anti-Semitism cases sub-series
Level
File
ID
Fonds 17; Series 5-3; File 68
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Canadian Jewish Congress, Ontario Region fonds
Community Relations Committee series
Anti-Semitism cases sub-series
Level
File
Fonds
17
Series
5-3
File
68
Material Format
textual record
Date
1952
Physical Description
1 folder of textual records
Scope and Content
File consists of documents related to allegations of antisemitism by union officials. These allegations were used to influence a vote by union members.
Notes
Previously processed and cited as part of MG8 S.
Subjects
Labor unions
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Joseph Baruch Salsberg fonds
Labour Zionism and union activities series
Level
File
ID
Fonds 92; Series 2; File 4
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Joseph Baruch Salsberg fonds
Labour Zionism and union activities series
Level
File
Fonds
92
Series
2
File
4
Material Format
textual record
object
graphic material
Date
[ca. 1920]-1927
Physical Description
1 folder of textual records (1 v.)
1 pin : ribbon with hanging medallion, red and gold ; 13 cm
7 photographs : b&w (3 negatives) ; 13 x 18 cm or smaller
Scope and Content
File consists of records documenting J. B. Salsberg's involvement in the United Cloth Hat, Cap and Millinery Workers' International Union and its affiliated local unions in Toronto. Included is a twenty-fifth anniversary book of the Cloth Hat, Cap, and Millinery Workers by I. M. Budish and published in New York (1925), a delegate pin for the 16th Bi-Convention of the Cloth, Hat, Cap and Millinery Workers International Union (1927), photographs of committees of the Canadian Headgear Workers Central Bureau, a copy photograph of the Executive Board of the Millinery and Ladies Straw Hat Workers Union Local 46, and a copy photograph of the Toronto Executive Board Local 41.
Notes
Artifact number 152
Some of the photographs in this file appear in the twenty-fifth anniversary book.
Subjects
Labor unions
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Physical Condition
Book is in fragile condition and binding is starting to come loose.
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
ID
Item 23
Source
Archival Descriptions
Level
Item
Item
23
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1934
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 21 x 26 cm
Admin History/Bio
The International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union was founded in the United States in 1900 by amalgamating seven local unions. The ILGWU was dominated by the Jewish and Italian immigrants who worked in the garment industries. The union was formed to protect their interests. In the early years it was troubled by politics, but still continued to grow. In Canada, the Toronto Cloakmakers Union became affilitated with the ILGWU in 1911, which was two years after their official formation.
Scope and Content
Item is a black-and-white photograph of the General Strike Committee of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union in 1934.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Magerman, A
Subjects
Committees
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is in the public domain and permission for use is not required. Please credit the Ontario Jewish Archives as the source of the photograph.
Physical Condition
Good.
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Dorothy Dworkin fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 10; Item 30
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Dorothy Dworkin fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
10
Item
30
Material Format
graphic material
Date
[ca. 1957]
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 21 x 26 cm
Admin History/Bio
David Lewis was a lawyer and one of the leaders of the early CCF party. During the early years of the party, he was one of the most influential policy-makers in the CCF and travelled across the country and parts of the United States on speaking tours between and during election campaigns. During the 1950s, he moved to Toronto and joined a prominent law firm. He acted in an advisory capacity on the Trades and Labour Congress and the Canadian Congress of Labour when they formed the Canadian Labour Congress. He later helped form the New Democratic Party during the early 1960s. In 1962, he was elected to the House of Commons as a member for York South. He became NDP leader in 1971, after the retirement of T. C. Douglas. He lost his seat a few years later and began lecturing at Carleton University. He passed away in May 1981.
Scope and Content
Photograph of David Lewis speaking at a meeting given by the Cloakmaker's Union, possibly in New York. From left to right are: Dora Dworkin, Abe Kirzner, David Lewis, and others.
Notes
Photographer unknown.
Name Access
Cloakmaker's Union
Kirzner, Abe
Lewis, David, 1908-1981
Subjects
Labor unions
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Places
New York (N.Y.).
Accession Number
2005-4-5
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 28
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
28
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1971
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 13 x 18 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a group portrait of the Appeals Committee at the thirty-fourth International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union Convention held in Miami Beach, Florida from May 6th to 14th, 1971.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Places
Miami (Fla.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 30
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
30
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1974
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 13 x 18 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a group portrait of the Committee on Organization at the thirty-fifth International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union Convention at Miami Beach, Florida, held from May 31st to June 7th, 1974.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Places
Miami Beach (Fla.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 24
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
24
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1962
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 28 x 35 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a group portrait of the Committee on Jurisdiction at the thirty-first International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union convention held in Atlantic City, New Jersey from May 23rd to June 1st, 1962. Harry Clairmont is seated in the front row, third from left.
Notes
Photographer: Central Studios, Atalantic City, New Jersey.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Places
Atlantic City (N.J.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 18
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
18
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1950
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 26 x 45 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of attendees seated at tables at the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union Golden Jubilee held at the Convention Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey, from May 23rd to June 1st, 1950. Leon van Gelder and the Unity House Orchestra is on the stage.
Notes
Photographer: Central Studios, Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Anniversaries
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Places
Atlantic City (N.J.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 20
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
20
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1956
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 30 x 49 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of attendees seated at tables with their respective local unions at the twenty-ninth convention of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. The convention was held in Convention Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey from May 10th to 18th, 1956.
Notes
Photographer: Central Studios, Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Physical Condition
The photograph is brittle and is starting to curl.
Places
Atlantic City (N.J.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 21
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
21
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1956
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 30 x 47 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of delegates seated at their tables at the twenty-ninth International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union convention in Atlantic City, New Jersey, May 10th to 18th, 1956.
Notes
Photographer: Central Studios.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Physical Condition
Photograph is brittle and is starting to curl.
Places
Atlantic City (N.J.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 19
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
19
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1950
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 24 x 48 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of delegates at the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union Golden Jubilee held at the Convention Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey, from May 23rd to June 1st, 1950. The delegates are sitting with their respective local unions.
Notes
Photographer: Central Studios, Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Anniversaries
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Physical Condition
Partially attached to glass and torn.
Places
Atlantic City (N.J.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 26
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
26
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1962
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 25 x 45 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of delegates seated at their dinner tables at the thirty-first International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union convention held in Atlantic City, New Jersey from May 23rd to June 1st, 1962.
Notes
Photographer: Central Studios, Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Physical Condition
The photograph is rolled.
Places
Atlantic City (N.J.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 31
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
31
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1974
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 25 x 60 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of delegates at the thirty-fifth International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union convention in Miami Beach, Florida held from May 31st to June 7th, 1974.
Notes
Photographer: Central Studios, Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Physical Condition
Photograph is rolled.
Places
Miami Beach (Fla.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 25
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
25
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1962
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 25 x 50 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of delegates at the thirty-first International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union convention held in Atlantic City, New Jersey, from May 23rd to June 1st, 1962. The delegates are seated with their respective local unions.
Notes
Photographer: Central Studios, Atlantic City, New Jersey.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Physical Condition
The photograph is rolled.
Places
Atlantic City (N.J.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 29
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
29
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1971
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 25 x 70 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of delegates outside at the thirty-fourth International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union convention held in Miami Beach, Florida, from May 6th to 14th, 1971.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Physical Condition
The photograph is rolled.
Places
Miami Beach (Fla.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 22
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
22
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1959
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 30 x 51 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of delegates at the thirtieth International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union convention held in Miami Beach, Florida from May 11th to 19th, 1959. The delegates are seated at tables with their respective local unions.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Physical Condition
The photograph is rolled.
Places
Atlantic City (N.J.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 27
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
27
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1962
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 25 x 110 cm
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of delegates outside at the thirty-first International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union convention held in Atlantic City, New Jersey, from May 23rd to June 1st, 1962.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Physical Condition
The photograph is rolled.
Places
Atlantic City (N.J.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 32; Item 23
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Clairmont fonds
Level
Item
Fonds
32
Item
23
Material Format
graphic material
Date
1959
Physical Description
1 photograph : b&w ; 25 x 103
Scope and Content
Item is a photograph of delegates standing outside at the thirtieth International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union convention in Miami Beach, Florida. The convention was held from May 11th to 19th, 1959.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Portraits, Group
Repro Restriction
Copyright is not held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission prior to use.
Physical Condition
The photograph is rolled.
Places
Miami Beach (Fla.)
Accession Number
1984-1-6
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Canadian Jewish Congress, Ontario Region fonds
Community Relations Committee series
Anti-Semitism cases sub-series
Level
File
ID
Fonds 17; Series 5-3; File 237
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Canadian Jewish Congress, Ontario Region fonds
Community Relations Committee series
Anti-Semitism cases sub-series
Level
File
Fonds
17
Series
5-3
File
237
Material Format
textual record
Date
1939
Physical Description
1 folder of textual records
Scope and Content
File consists of memoranda concerning a charge by Mr. Thomaselli, owner of Society Garment, that as an Italian he was discriminated against by the Jewish union.
Notes
Previously processed and cited as part of MG8 S.
Subjects
Discrimination
Italian Canadians
Labor unions
Source
Archival Descriptions
Accession Number
1980-9-1
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
1980-9-1
Material Format
graphic material
textual record
Physical Description
Textual material
26 photographs : b&w (13 negatives)
Date
[193-?] - 1979
Scope and Content
This accession consists of textual and graphic material donated by Ben Himel. The textual material documents family events as well as information pertaining to the Borochov School, Poalei Zion, B'nai Brith Toronto Lodge, the Independent Workers' Circle and B'nai Zion Association of Toronto. Identified in one copy photograph of the officers of the Canadian Headgear Workers Central are J. B. Salsberg, Motel Bergstein, Henry Sigel, and Sam Chaikofsky.
Descriptive Notes
Borochov School.
Poal Zion.
B'nai Brith Toronto Lodge.
Independent Workers' Circle.
B'nai Zion Association.
Mrs. Menachovsky.
Zerabouaun.
Kreitzer.
Arbeiter Ring.
King Edward School.
Picnic.
Subjects
Clubs
Labor unions
Zionism
Name Access
Himel, Ben
Chaikofsky, Sam
Bergstein, Motel
Sigel, Henry
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
1981-9-3
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
1981-9-3
Material Format
object
Physical Description
1 pin
Date
[ca. 1928]
Scope and Content
Accession consists of a member's pin with a ribbon and pendant celebrating the 25th jubilee of the International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU), Cloakmakers Union Toronto.
Subjects
Anniversaries
Labor unions
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
1996-3-3
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
1996-3-3
Material Format
textual record
graphic material
Physical Description
2.4 m of textual records and graphic materials
Date
[ca. 1940]-[ca.1995]
Scope and Content
Accession consists of the records created and/or accumulated by Nechemiah Knobel. They relate to the work of the Labour Zionist Alliance and the Borochov movement. Of note are a series of photographs documenting the unveiling of the Holocaust monument at Mount Sinai Cemetery in 1968. Identified individuals include Mayor Phil Givens, Allan Grossman, Ben Himel and Max Federman.
Use Conditions
Records in off-site storage; advance notice required to view.
Subjects
Holocaust memorials
Cemeteries
Labor unions
Labor Zionism
Name Access
Knobel, Nechemiah
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
1979-10-1
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
1979-10-1
Material Format
textual record
Physical Description
ca. 7 cm of textual records
Date
1937–1955
Scope and Content
Accession consists of material documenting the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Included are undated strike cards, a card announcing the twenty-fifth annual celebration of the Cloakmakers' Union dated 14 February 1936–16 February 1936, letters, general manager of the joint board announcing summons before grievance committee, official membership dues cards issued to S. Clodman, a souvenir journa, and other documents.
MG_RG
MG2 E1a
Subjects
Labor unions
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
2007-9-4
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
2007-9-4
Material Format
graphic material
textual record
object
Physical Description
10 photographs : b&w
10 cm of textual records
1 doll
2 pins
Date
1925-1985
Scope and Content
This accession consists of material relating to the International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU) and the Jewish community in Toronto. They include published material from the ILGWU, Yiddish songbooks and benchers, Yiddish booklets distributed by various Toronto Jewish organizations such as the Poalei Zion and the Farband, a pin from Baycrest given to Jennie Magerman on completing 14, 000 hours of volunteer service, a pin from the Kieltzer Sick Benefit Society given to Abe Magerman in 1913, and several photographs of Abe Magerman participating in union activities. There is also a Miss Union Made plastic doll dating from circa 1950, which is wearing pink dress and sash and is enclosed in a plastic cover.
Custodial History
This material was originally in the possession of Abe and Jennie Magerman. It was later in the possession of his son, Alfred, until being donated to the OJA by Alfred's wife Barbara in September 2007.
Administrative History
Abe Magerman was the assistant manager for the International Ladies Garment Workers' Union for many years. He was married to Jennie (nee Shefsky) Magerman and had two children, Esther and Alfred. Jennie (nee Shefsky) Magerman was the daughter of Myer and Toba Rayzel (nee Nusynovitch) Shefsky.
Descriptive Notes
Magerman, Abe
Farband Labour Zionist Alliance
International Ladies Garment Workers Union
Poalei Zion
Toronto Labour Lyceum Association Limited
Arbeiter Ring
Israel Histadrut
Baycrest
Kieltzer Sick Benefit Society
Subjects
Communities
Labor unions
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Source
Archival Accessions
Part Of
Toronto Cloakmakers Union fonds
Level
Fonds
ID
Fonds 8
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Toronto Cloakmakers Union fonds
Level
Fonds
Fonds
8
Material Format
textual record
graphic material
Date
[190-?]-1961
Physical Description
7 cm of textual records
5 photographs : b&w ; 21 x 26 cm or smaller
Admin History/Bio
The Toronto Cloakmakers Union was established in 1909 as an organized effort to assist and protect workers in the women's garment industry. Two years later they became affiliated with the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) in Toronto and became Local 14. Today they are the oldest local still in existence and are now called Unite Here Canada.
Scope and Content
The fonds consists of textual and graphic material documenting the activities and membership of the Toronto Cloakmakers Union and International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Included are ILGWU membership dues and strike cards issued to Sara Clodman; letters and cards announcing ILGWU meetings, celebrations, and other matters; an invitation to a dinner honouring A. Magerman's 25 years in the Cloakmaker's Union; copies of the Golden Jubilee Souvenir Journal and the 40th Jubilee Celebration book; a photocopy of the Constitution of the ILGWU; Toronto Cloakmakers Union Local 14 Minute Book in Yiddish; and five black and white photographs of union members, events, and committees.
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Toronto Cloakmakers Union
Subjects
Labor unions
Creator
Toronto Cloakmakers Union, 1909-
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
Accession Number
1987-12-6
1979-10-1
1998-3-18
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Gordon Mendly fonds
Events and organizations series
Level
File
ID
Fonds 18; Series 3; File 54
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Gordon Mendly fonds
Events and organizations series
Level
File
Fonds
18
Series
3
File
54
Material Format
graphic material
Date
28 Jun. 1961
Physical Description
5 negatives : b&w ; 10 x 13 cm
Scope and Content
File consists of images of members of the Cloakmakers' Union, taken at the Labor Lyceum on Spadina Avenue. The images depict several members signing cheques and the officers of the union addressing the crowd.
Name Access
Labor Lyceum (Toronto, Ont.)
Subjects
Labor unions
Repro Restriction
Copyright is held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. Please contact the archives to obtain permission prior to use.
Places
Kensington Market (Toronto, Ont.)
Spadina Avenue (Toronto, Ont.)
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Morris Norman collection
Level
Item
ID
Fonds 22; Item 79
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Morris Norman collection
Level
Item
Fonds
22
Item
79
Material Format
object
Date
1949
Physical Description
1 item
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Subjects
Anniversaries
Labor unions
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Simon fonds
Level
File
ID
Fonds 23; File 1
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Harry Simon fonds
Level
File
Fonds
23
File
1
Material Format
textual record
graphic material
Date
1934-[198-]
Physical Description
3 cm of textual records
3 photographs : b&w ; 20 x 48 cm and 21 x 26 cm
Admin History/Bio
There was a major dispute within the International Fur Workers' Union in 1938, which is documented in the records of Harry Simon. It was due to the division between the Communist and anti-Communist elements of the union and resulted in the formation of a new fur workers' union affiliated with the American Federation of Labor (AFL).
Scope and Content
File consists of textual and graphic records related to Harry Simon's work as an organizer and representative of the International Fur Workers' Union and an officer of the break-away Fur Workers' Union (AFL.). This includes correspondence, rally posters and flyers, anniversary books, a bulletin, and photographs. Of particular interest are the records detailing a heated dispute between the International Fur Workers' Union, its Toronto Joint Board leadership and many of its members. An oversized newsprint poster referring to Max Federman's dispute is included.
Subjects
Labor unions
Physical Condition
One photograph requires conservation work.
Source
Archival Descriptions
Accession Number
2016-9-4
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
2016-9-4
Material Format
graphic material
Physical Description
2 photographs : b&w ; 25 x 94 cm and 23 x 96 cm
Date
1950, 1956
Scope and Content
Accession consists of two panoramic photographs of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union conventions in Atlantic City, NJ. The first photo features a large group of men and women seated at tables at a convention hall in Atlantic City, N.J. Beneath the Union Emblem a banner reads "1900 Golden Jubilee 1950", May 23-June 1. Numerous union banners are displayed in addition to local unions signs. On stage is a speaker behind whom is seated several rows of men and several women. Written in lower left corner is "R1 Central Studios, Atlantic City, N.J."
The second photo features an outdoor group shot of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, 29th convention in Atlantic City, N.J., May 10-18, 1956. The individuals in the first two rows are seated, with the balance standing behand. Lower right corner reads "Central Studios".
Subjects
Congresses and conventions
Labor unions
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Places
Atlantic City (N.J.)
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
2017-8-14
Source
Archival Accessions
Accession Number
2017-8-14
Material Format
graphic material
textual record
multiple media
Physical Description
1 folder of textual records ca. 2cm of textual records
12 photographs : b&w and col ; 30 x 35 cm or smaller
1 scrapbook
Date
1900-1950, [196?], 1970-1995
Scope and Content
Accession consists of 12 photographs (ca. 1900-1930, 196?) of members of the Schönberger family, including family portraits, class portraits, and a group photograph of the United Cloth Hat & Cap Makers Union Local No. 41. Accession also contains a scrapbook (ca.1937-1945) kept by Walter Schoenberger consisting of ca. 90 photographs and other graphic materials (eg. cigarette cards, photographic postcards) documenting his life in Vienna, England, Quebec and Toronto. This scrapbook includes photographs of Schoenberger's internment at a Kitchener Camp in Kent, England, as well as photographs of a parade at Old City Hall in Toronto.
Accession also consists of 1 folder of textual records, including Canadian citizenship and naturalization documents, a Vienna drivers license, one postcard, wedding invitations and certificates, newspaper clippings, personal writings, and a death certificate. There are also a number of documents ca. 1939-1942 relating to Walter Schoenberger's time at the Kitchener Camp in England, including letters from the Red Cross, the American Embassy to Vienna, the American Consulate General in London, the Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society, the Central Council for Jewish Refugees Agricultural Committee, and Tip Top Tailors.
Accession also includes Victory Bonds certificates (1943-1945), an issue of the Toronto Star from December 3, 1992, a Toronto Transit Commission map, a program for a "Life Begins at 65" celebration for George Burns, and a book entitled "Collective Poems - The Terrace Holocaust Survivors Group" consisting of poetry by Holocaust survivors. Also included are documents relating to the Schwab family.
Ancestor chart of Mindy Schönberger
Custodial History
Collection of Walter Schoenberger, donated by daughter Mindy Pollishuke.
Use Conditions
Copyright is held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. Please contact the Archives to obtain permission prior to use.
Subjects
Tailors
Immigrants--Canada
Labor unions
Clothing workers
Postcards
Refugee camps
Refugees
World War, 1939-1945
Places
Toronto (Ont.)
England
Austria
Germany
Source
Archival Accessions
Part Of
Fur Workers' Union fonds
Level
Fonds
ID
Fonds 12
Source
Archival Descriptions
Part Of
Fur Workers' Union fonds
Level
Fonds
Fonds
12
Material Format
graphic material
Date
[between 1935 and 1949]
Physical Description
3 photographs : b&w ; 21 x 26 cm
Admin History/Bio
The International Fur Workers' Union was founded by eight local unions in 1913 and held members in both the United States of America and Canada
Scope and Content
Fonds consists of photographs created and/or accumulated by the Fur Workers' Union.
Name Access
Fur Workers' Union
Subjects
Labor unions
Creator
Fur Worker's Union, 1913-
Source
Archival Descriptions
Name
Jack Abel
Material Format
sound recording
Interview Date
1986
Source
Oral Histories
Name
Jack Abel
Number
OH 34
OH 35
Subject
Antisemitism
Cemeteries
Labor unions
Occupations
Recreation
Societies
Interview Date
1986
Quantity
2
Interviewer
Morris Silbert
Total Running Time
034A: 31:10 minutes 034B: 31:10 minutes 035A: 31:10 minuets 035B: 13:52 minuets
Conservation
Copied August 2003
Notes
The end of the reference copy of AC 35 is not very audible. The original cassette may be clearer.
Use Restrictions
Copyright is held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. Please contact the archives to obtain permission prior to use.
Biography
Jack Abel's career in the garment industry began in the 1920s taking him through the dressmaker's strike of 1932. Abel's experiences with antisemitism were numerous. He participated in the Christie Pits riot, he was active in politics, and he became an early member of the Mozirer Society. Abel became financial secretary of the Mozirer Society and was involved in the purchase and administration of the Roselawn and Bathurst Lawn cemeteries.
Material Format
sound recording
Name Access
Abel, Jack
Mozirer Sick Benefit Society
Original Format
Audio cassette
Copy Format
Audio cassette
Digital file
Transcript
G:\Description\Oral Histories\OH 34, OH 35 - Abel\OH34_001_Log.docx
G:\Description\Oral Histories\OH 34, OH 35 - Abel\OH34_002_Log.docx
G:\Description\Oral Histories\OH 34, OH 35 - Abel\OH35_001_Log.docx
G:\Description\Oral Histories\OH 34, OH 35 - Abel\OH35_002_Log.docx
Source
Oral Histories
Name
J. B. Salsberg
Material Format
sound recording
Interview Date
Sep. 1985
Source
Oral Histories
Name
J. B. Salsberg
Number
OH 71
Subject
Labor movement
Labor unions
Women
Demonstrations
Interview Date
Sep. 1985
Quantity
1
Total Running Time
OH71_001: 44:50 minuets OH71_002: 35:55 minuets
Conservation
Copied August 2003
Use Restrictions
Copyright is held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. Please contact the archives to obtain permission prior to use.
Biography
Joseph Baruch Salsberg (1902–1998) was a labour leader, political activist, politician, newspaper columnist, and a man who dedicated his life to Yiddishkeit and the advancement of social justice. He was active in various Jewish organizations, including the Canadian Jewish Congress, the Jewish Federation of Greater Toronto, and the New Fraternal Jewish Association. In 1938, he was elected as alderman on Toronto’s City Council; in 1948, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. He is well remembered by contemporaries, such as Sam Lipshitz, as a "champion of the people," committed to social justice, the plight of the working-class, and the preservation of Jewish culture.
Material Format
sound recording
Language
English
Name Access
International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union
Salsberg, J. B.,1902-1998
Geographic Access
Toronto
Original Format
Audio cassette
Copy Format
Audio cassette
Digital file
Transcript
G:\Description\Oral Histories\OH 71 - Salsberg\OH71_001_Log.pdf
G:\Description\Oral Histories\OH 71 - Salsberg\OH71_002_Log.pdf
Source
Oral Histories

In this clip, Joseph Salsberg discusses the events that led to the birth of the International Ladies' Garment Workers Union (ILGWU) in America and the ILGWU's influence on the Canadian garment industry.

In this clip, Joseph Salsberg discusses the first sit down strike by tailors in Canada in recognition of women

Name
Max Enkin
Material Format
sound recording
Interview Date
24 Mar. 1982
Source
Oral Histories
Name
Max Enkin
Number
OH 132
Subject
Tailor project
Clothing trade
Clothing workers
Refugee camps
Legislators--Canada
Labor unions
Interview Date
24 Mar. 1982
Quantity
1 audio cassette (1 copy)
1 WAV file
Interviewer
Jack Lipinsky
Total Running Time
43.19 minutes
Conservation
Copied August 2003
Recopied March 2009 as the original copy done was inaudible.
Use Restrictions
Copyright is held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. Please contact the archives to obtain permission prior to use.
Biography
Max Enkin was a founder and a leading member of the Jewish Vocational Services of Toronto. In 1947, as associate administrator and representative for the men's clothing sector in Ontario, Max Enkin became involved in the Tailor Project, which was designed to identify and select skilled tailors from the displaced persons camps of Europe and help to settle them in Canada. Max Enkin was awarded the Order of the British Empire in recognition of his services to Wartime Prices and Trade Council.
Material Format
sound recording
Language
English
Geographic Access
Europe
Toronto (Ont.)
Original Format
Audio cassette
Copy Format
Audio cassette
Digital file
Transcript
G:\Description\Oral Histories\OH 132 - Enkin\OH132_Log.pdf
Source
Oral Histories
Name
Ben Himel
Material Format
sound recording
Interview Date
24 Jan. 1983
Source
Oral Histories
Name
Ben Himel
Number
OH 135
Subject
Communism
Education
Fraternal organizations
Labor unions
Zionism
Interview Date
24 Jan. 1983
Quantity
1
Interviewer
Stephen Speisman
Total Running Time
OH135_001: 26.40 minutes OH135_002: 29.20 minutes
Conservation
Copied August 2003
Use Restrictions
Copyright is held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. Please contact the archives to obtain permission prior to use.
Biography
Ben Himel was vice president and founder of the Borochov School and Kindergarten. Himel was affliated with the Poale Zion Jewish National Workers Alliance (Farband), the Independent Workers Circle, and the Board of Jewish Education.
Material Format
sound recording
Language
English
Name Access
Himel, Ben
Speisman, Stephen
Geographic Access
Toronto
Original Format
Audio cassette
Copy Format
Audio cassette
Digital file
Transcript
G:\Description\Oral Histories\OH 135 - Himel\OH135_001_Log.pdf
G:\Description\Oral Histories\OH 135 - Himel\OH135_002_Log.pdf
Source
Oral Histories

In this clip, Benjamin Himel discusses the ideologies of Canada's labour Movements during the 1930s and 1940s.

In this clip, Benjamin Himel discusses the Zionist movement within the Toronto Jewish community during the 1930s and 1940s.

Name
Max Federman
Material Format
sound recording
Interview Date
19 Mar. 1976
Source
Oral Histories
Name
Max Federman
Number
OH 149
OH 150
Subject
Communism
Immigrants--Canada
Labor unions
Interview Date
19 Mar. 1976
Quantity
2
Interviewer
Ben Schneider
Total Running Time
OH149A: 30. minutes OH149B: 30. minutes OH150A: 1. minute
Conservation
Copied August 2003
Use Restrictions
Copyright is held by the Ontario Jewish Archives. Please contact the archives to obtain permission prior to use.
Biography
Max Federman was born in Poland. In 1919, he moved to Germany where he attended school. He joined his father in Toronto in 1920. A union leader, labour Zionist, and ardent anti-Communist, Max became actively involved in the union movement and served as representative of the Local Fur Workers Union. He was involved in a twenty-year battle with the Communist leadership of the International Furrier Union until they disbanded and merged with the International Amalgamated Meat Cutters Union. Max was involved in Jewish community organizations including the Histadrut, Borochov School, and the United Jewish Welfare Fund.
Material Format
sound recording
Name Access
Federman, Max
Goldman, Emma
Schneider, Ben
Geographic Access
Germany
Poland
Toronto (Ont.)
Original Format
Audio cassette
Copy Format
Audio cassette
Digital file
Transcript
G:\Description\Oral Histories\OH 149, 150, Max Federman\OH 149, 150 notes.pdf
Source
Oral Histories

In this clip, Max Federman describes the conflict between the Federation of Labour and Communist International Union from 1938–1956. He discusses the steps by which the International Fur and Leather Union disaffiliated with the International Union to join the Amalgamated Meat Cutters Union in 1956.

In this clip, Max Federman discusses his early involvement with a trade union while living in Germany in 1919.